Invicta Men’s 8926 Pro Diver Collection Automatic Watch $77.99 Big, bold and masculine, the Invicta Men’s Pro Diver Automatic watch is an affordable luxury watch with classically styled features. This precisely constructed timepiece for men features a solid stainless steel case that’s 40mm wide (1.57 inches). It has a black face with Tritnite luminous hands and markers and a unidirectional black bezel with white numerals and markings. Other features include a…

Orient Men’s CEM65001YW Mako Yellow Dial Automatic Dive Watch $113.00 This limited-edition professional diver watch is an exclusive model for Amazon. This model commemorates our Brand’s USA launch as well as our new direct relationship and we found it appropriate to use an Amazon yellow for our dial color choice. This series of diver watches has been an international success and we are proud to extend this limited opportunity to USA Orient Watch Enthusiasts. Orien…

Orient #BNQ1X003X Women’s Tri Star Brown Dial Automatic Watch $47.95 About Orient: Orient Watch was formally established in July 13th, 1950 in Tokyo. However, the history of Orient Watch really dates back to 1901, when Shogoro Yoshida, the founder of Orient, opened a wholesale watch store in Ueno, Japan. Orient Watch has always focused on mechanical watches, primarily automatic watches with its own in-house automatic movements Orient was once part of the “Big Three…

Women in Orient

Sporty Tag Heuer Watches: How To Choose The Right One

Tag Heuer watches are some of the best sports watches that you can find in this world. Given their 150 years of experience in creating timepieces and their legacy in the various high profile sporting circuits, there is very little doubt about their ability to satisfy even the most demanding people.

Seeing that the company has a presence through multiple sports like Formula One racing and Golf – it is easy to understand that there’s a wide variation in the different designs that you get to see in Tag Heuer watches. So choosing the right one for yourself or for someone else really starts with the person who is going to be wearing this watch.

If that person is looking for specific functions in a watch that are going to help during training sessions or during actual sporting activities, it is easy to just look for the model that has all of those features and choose that. But when it is more generally spread out, it begins by understanding what kind of a lifestyle statement that person is trying to make.

If this person is really in to automobiles and sporting events like Formula One racing, the Formula One model will be a really good choice. But if that person is interested in aquatic sports that involve powered vehicles, the Aquaracer series might be more appropriate.

For the classy look that also has industrial touches with special features, there are models like the Carrera and the Monaco. As you can understand from the names, these are models that have been inspired by these really famous automobile related entities. And the common thing about models like these is that they are all based on the sophisticated outlook that the people connected to these entities have. It is not about the sheer engineering prowess that gets more highlights in some of the other models.

However, when it comes to being really classy, there are the watches inspired by Golf. It’s a sport for the rich and the famous and these watches maintain these ideas to build up an image that is rich and elegant.

And all of these points are equally valid for watches for both men and women. There are several Tag Heuer watches for women to choose from and they range from the really ornate and decorative to the really serious and power-oriented designs.

Women’s watches from Tag Heuer tend to look very different from their counterparts for men but without sacrificing the original design philosophies behind each series. So golf inspired watches remain elegant and fashionable while Formula One and racing inspired watches lean more towards the industrial/engineering slants in design.

At the end of it all, it boils down to which side of your sporting spirit you want to show and how much. Also important is the kind of situations where you will be wearing the watch – indoors, outdoors, while participating, etc. Once you have decided on all these, you will have the sporty Tag Heuer watch that is just right for you.

About the Author

Time Squared is a professional watch retailer offering a hand-picked range of fashionable men’s watches as well as elegant ladies watches online and through our stores. We have designer watches from the world’s greatest brands for style-savvy customers. If you’re looking to buy Tag Heuer Watches in London, you can visit our store or alternatively Buy Watches Online.

Orient CFT00004B

Best of Christmas $13.98 …

Agatha Christie’s Murder on the Orient Express $8.99 HERCULE POIROTI IS A DAPPER DETECTIVE FOR WHOM MURDER SOLVING IS A PRECISE, INTELLECTUAL EXCERCISE. POIROT AGREES TOINTERVIEW ALL ABOARD THE FAMOUS ORIENT EXPRESS’ CALAIS COACH, HOPING TO FIND THE KILLER OF AN AMERICAN MILLIONAIRE BEFORE THE LOCAL POLICE ARRIVE….

Murder on the Orient Express $4.99 …

Agatha Christie Collection (Dead Man’s Folly / Murder in Three Acts / Thirteen at Dinner) $28.52 AGATHA CHRISTIE COLLECTION PETER USTI – DVD Movie…

Orient Men’s CEM65001B ‘Black Mako’ Automatic Dive Watch $98.79 This diver series is the most popular collection that Orient has to offer. A feature that makes this model into a professional diver watch is its water-resistance of up to 200 meters. This is perfect for you if you enjoy scuba diving on your vacations to Hawaii. You will notice that this watch combines the timeless design of the dial with the sporty look of the bezel to create a work of art. …

GSU – Leyton Orient Star Search 1st Cut.mov

Luxury And Romantic Honeymoon in Royal Orient Train

Royal Orient Train is one among the world’s luxurious trains and a perfect option for your honeymoon trip. Honeymoon journey in Royal Orient Train gives you a real royal experience by taking you through great Indian royal cities. Journey starts from Delhi and covers Udaipur, Somnath, Junagadh, Chittorgarh, Sasangir, Veraval, Delvada, Palitana, Ahmedabad and Jaipur city. Royal Orient Train trip offers an exclusive honeymoon journey for couples. Tourist spots in Gujarat and Rajasthan are well known for its unique tradition and culture.

Royal Orient train presents you the most exotic journey through these historic places with in 7 nights and 8 days. Miraculous royal facilities equipped in this train make it a palace moving on wheels. Train painted in auspicious blue colour comes with 13 five star coaches. Separate restaurant car attached with train provides you delicious multi cuisine food items. There is a separate portion attached for bar with international brand wines. If you are interested in reading, train is also provided with a good library with a rich collection of books under vivid categories. Now let’s move on to the luxurious journey in Royal Train. Trip starts from the most crowded Delhi Cantonment railway station.

First day of your luxury honeymoon in Royal Orient is dedicated for Delhi, the capital city of India. India gate, Jama Masjid, Qutab Minar and Red fort are some of the attractive spots in Delhi.

On the second day of the honeymoon journey in Royal train, you can explore Chittorgarh, the former capital of Sisodia clans of Rajputs of Mewar. Chittorgarh city lies on the Berach River and beholds many interesting tourist spots like Chittorgarh Fort, Kalika Mata temple, Vijay Stambh, Kirti Stambh, Rana Kumbha’s palace and Rani Padmini’s palace.

On the third day, train moves to Ahmedabad, the largest city in Gujarat. You can watch here Ashokan Rock Edict of third century BC, Mausoleum of Nawab Mahabat Khanji, Darbar Hall Museum and the famous Somnath temple.

Fourth day of your honeymoon trip in Royal Orient Train is done for Ahmedpur city. Ahmedpur-Mandvi beach located in Junagarh district on the coastline of Gujarat is one among the best known tourist spots grabbing thousands of tourists. This beach is an ideal destination for those who are interested in playing water sports like skiing, para sailing, surfing and speed boating.

On the fifth day of your honeymoon trip in Royal Orient Train, you will reach Palitana. It is the place of location of famous Jain temple and Vishala village. Temple located at the top of Shatrunjaya hill attracts thousands of tourists. Vishala village situated in Sakhrej is an artificially built traditional Gujarati village with clay paths. After visiting these interesting spots, you can board train which will next move on to Udaipur.

Sixth day of your luxury honeymoon in Royal Orient Train is done for this city of lakes. Udaipur presents you the most traditional, heritage and scenic spots like Gandhi Ashram, Calico Museum of textiles, Adalaj Stepwell and Sidi Sayyads Mosque.

On the seventh day of your honeymoon trip in Royal Orient Train, you can view the amazing sightseeing options in Jaipur. Versatile scenic spots in this pink city include Jantar Mantar, Amber fort and Hawa Mahal. From Jaipur city, train returns back to Delhi Cantonment railway station and the journey comes to an end here. Luxury honeymoon trip in Royal Orient train is really royal and worth seeing.

About the Author

Read about Luxury Honeymoon in Royal Orient Train. Also know about Honeymoon in Heritage on Wheels Train. Read about Honeymoon in Konkan Train.

Has anyone ever heard of penile fractures as forms of male cosmetic surgery?

Ok don’t think I’m weird but I work at an adult book store and I was watching two different movies by the same male star. In one film he has a regular looking member but in the more recent film he has a curvature to it. I have heard of men breaking the penis but because the adult film industry is so looks oriented I was wondering if people actually do that as forms of cosmetic surgery.

the situation you just described, the film views may have been different and you saw the regular and the other a curvature. camera tricks, dildo extensions.

if you’ve seen as many as I have, I’ve seen where one time they have the 18″ extension then in sometimes the same compliation an average 7″ to 8″ one.

the penis wasn’t broken or fractured. there are times guys with a straight penis gets that little bend/curvature.

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A Christmas Festival: Favorite Christmas Carols $6.98 This disc recycles two different but complementary LP recordings, the first being a 1968 outing with the Gregg Smith Singers, the New York Brass and Percussion Ensemble, and organist E. Power Biggs, the second being a 1965 recording with André Kostelanetz and his Orchestra. Though the repertoire for both is fairly traditional carols, they make for strange listening now. The Gregg Smith Singers s…

15 Christmas Classics: Hallelujah $1.08 …

DJ Manos ft Δημήτρης Ράλλης – Φεύγω (Oriental power mix)

How to Think to Succeed: the Science of Results Oriented Thinking

In the science of results oriented thinking we learn that thinking is the most powerful tool available to you to help you succeed and create your life with. It is the inventor of all ideas, all riches, all wealth and can even turn a Doctors death sentence into a miraculous recovery. Your thinking is attached to your mind and its ability to create heaven or hell. It can unleash the joys and riches of the universe or keep you in the deepest pit of depression and poverty. Your thinking can fill you with joy or eat you up with rage and anger.

In the science of results oriented thinking you learn that your thinking habits were developed in your childhood. You learned to think by watching parents, authority figures and caretakers react and respond in the world. You developed habits of thinking, responding and actioning. In the science of results oriented thinking you learn that these habits are just something you learned not who you are.  Yet, these habits will determine what your life will be like forever unless some fundamental change happens to your thinking. Most of the thinking style we learn growing up is lack thinking, negative or limited thinking habits. There are actually 6 widely used and deadly yet, accepted negative thinking and speaking habits. Becoming aware of the habit you use and learning something new will help you.

Your thinking habits will determine your self-esteem. Your self-esteem will determine what you think you are worthy of and what you think you are capable of achieving. Those self-worth thoughts create the life you believe you can manifest and will produce evidence of your beliefs and level of self-worth thinking, in the form of where you live, your physical health, how much money you make, who you are friends with and how your relationships develop. You will manifest the life that you believe you can manifest. In your mind this validates what you think is true and this continues the cycle. You can be caught in a cycle of self sabotage for the rest of your life if you do not do something different.

Most often, how people move from this self-sabotaging to self-esteem to I’m worthy trap, is by tackling one goal at a time and this shifts the thought habit pattern, upon the successful completion of a goal. The successful completion of a goal, say getting a college degree, buys or gives you more self-worth so that you can change the way you think about yourself. When you change the way you think your life changes, because thinking is a tool, not who you are. You are not the sad, fearful or angry thought you just had, that is merely something you are experiencing because of the thought you just exposed yourself to.

This form of trying to develop enough self-worth so that your thinking supports your best life is slow and in my opinion not healthy or real. If you want to think to win, you must first detach from the self-esteem equals (What I think of myself + my successes + validation from others – my screw ups = what I am worthy of) equation. You must move into neutral which means there is non judgmental being-ness and ability and what you tell your being-ness will either empower or impair your abilities to achieve a desired outcome.

You are born (what ever “worthy” is) because you are born on the planet. You are “worthy” because you are a child of God, the universe, or Great Spirit whatever you want to call it. In my reality “you are worthy” does not even exist. In fact, “you are worthy” is a lack thinking negative thought that helps you continue thinking that you have to have buy or earn a sense of self-esteem or worth in order to succeed or have what you desire.

When we use the science of results oriented thinking we utilize thinking tools in a different form. We utilize self-command to help us begin to unravel the habit of letting our thinking just happen to us and we transition into commanding our thinking. We utilize power thoughts, explorative thoughts and inspired thought to help us become empowered in our hearts, turn on our personal drive and feed our bodies empowering chemicals that helps us release the genius within us. We tap into the field of possibilities with the miracle thinking which helps us live our best life.

Learning to think “to be successful,” means learning to think in a different way. It means challenging what you think you know and inviting you to empower yourself because thinking is a tool that provides healthy nutrients, drive and miraculous outcomes to your life. So learn how to think healthy and think to create the life you wish to experience

About the Author

Vickie Jimenez is the Author of “Champagne Thoughts and Caviar Power the Science of Results Oriented Thinking.” She is personal and business development expert with a joint venture background and 20 years in the industry. She has spoken nationally and internationally. Vickie’s Mission is to educate and inspire people to achieve maximum results by empowering them with a strong state of self command. To learn more Visit http://successsystemsnow.com or http://privatejvclub.info

Can lamps bought in the US be used in UK with 220V power , unlike the 110V here, without a transformer.,?

I am moving to the UK and want to take a long the wonderful Verilux natural light bedside lamps I have. Am just wondering if these lamps can be used without a transformer – as as you have fdeduced, I am not an “electricaly oriented” nor have any knowledge. Thanks

in addition to bill’s answer, it the lamp uses any kind of electronic dim control, there is a great possibility that the electronic is going to fail once connected to double voltage

Orient Men’s CFM00001B Power Reserve Semi-Skeleton Black Automatic Watch $199.80 What fascinates me the most about this multi-eye sports watch is that the make of this model is motivated by Marcus Grönholm. As a former rally car driver, Marcus Grönholm would particularly enjoy the sporty design of this watch. Just notice how the slick design incorporates the ideals of athleticism in the field of watches. There is no doubt in my mind that this watch truly embodies those tr…

Orient Men’s CFM00001S Power Reserve Semi-Skeleton Silver Automatic Watch $188.95 What fascinates me the most about this multi-eye sports watch is that the make of this model is motivated by Marcus Grönholm. As a former rally car driver, Marcus Grönholm would particularly enjoy the sporty design of this watch. Just notice how the slick design incorporates the ideals of athleticism in the field of watches. There is no doubt in my mind that this watch truly embodies those tr…

Orient #CDB02001W Men’s Semi Skeleton Automatic Watch $134.95 Orient Watch was formally established in July 13th, 1950 in Tokyo. However, the history of Orient Watch really dates back to 1901, when Shogoro Yoshida, the founder of Orient, opened a wholesale watch store in Ueno, Japan. Orient Watch has always focused on mechanical watches, primarily automatic watches with its own in-house automatic movements Orient was once part of the “Big Three” watch compan…

Orient Urban CDB05001W Automatic Watch

Invicta Men’s 8926 Pro Diver Collection Automatic Watch $77.99 Big, bold and masculine, the Invicta Men’s Pro Diver Automatic watch is an affordable luxury watch with classically styled features. This precisely constructed timepiece for men features a solid stainless steel case that’s 40mm wide (1.57 inches). It has a black face with Tritnite luminous hands and markers and a unidirectional black bezel with white numerals and markings. Other features include a…

Orient Men’s CEM65001YW Mako Yellow Dial Automatic Dive Watch $113.00 This limited-edition professional diver watch is an exclusive model for Amazon. This model commemorates our Brand’s USA launch as well as our new direct relationship and we found it appropriate to use an Amazon yellow for our dial color choice. This series of diver watches has been an international success and we are proud to extend this limited opportunity to USA Orient Watch Enthusiasts. Orien…

Orient #BNQ1X003X Women’s Tri Star Brown Dial Automatic Watch $47.95 About Orient: Orient Watch was formally established in July 13th, 1950 in Tokyo. However, the history of Orient Watch really dates back to 1901, when Shogoro Yoshida, the founder of Orient, opened a wholesale watch store in Ueno, Japan. Orient Watch has always focused on mechanical watches, primarily automatic watches with its own in-house automatic movements Orient was once part of the “Big Three…

Orient Ladies CDB01005W Automatic Watch

Women golf market potential

According to the research firm for consumer, Women’s Golf Market is unveiled, including details a wide range of attitudes of serious women golfers about the game, the equipment, and the apparel they wear.

“In today’s challenging economic climate, where growth in the game of golf is stagnant, the potential to grow the women’s market is a higher priority than ever before, and efforts to cultivate and expand this segment are being considered and executed widely across the industry,” said Tom Stine, partner, Golf Datatech, LLC. “As a result of the need to grow the game, we undertook this extensive study so that companies both in and out of the industry can truly understand the perceptions, experiences and buying habits of the all-important serious women’s golf sector.”

Adds Stine, “While women’s golf presents a major growth opportunity for the industry, this study makes it clear that significant roadblocks must be overcome to consistently increase women’s participation in the game.”

In developing the Women’s Golf Market Study, over 1,000 female golfers from Golf Datatech’s exclusive database of Serious Golfers (a minimum of 12 rounds per year) participated in a survey regarding their golfing habits and perceptions, which was conducted last November. While a majority of female respondents to this study live active lifestyles and boast an average household income of six figures, an equal majority cited cost, time and family constraints as reasons preventing them from playing golf more frequently. Beyond those factors, which inhibit play, almost one in three female respondents considered the average golf course to be “a very male oriented place,” which inhibits more frequent play.

“While over 50% of the U.S. population is female, less than 25% of total golfers are women,” said Stine. “Combine the cost, time and family pressures with their overall perception of the male orientation at the golf course, and it’s not surprising that women leave the game as often as they enter. This is ultimately the basis for the women’s golf population to be at a near standstill.”

Among the key findings of the study were the following, which were related to women’s golfing habits, spending on golf,marketing and media habits:

Golfing Habits

Respondents were asked what they enjoy about playing the game and 91% said they like being outdoors, while 82% enjoy the time with friends, 80% are always trying to improve and 79% enjoy the challenge of the game.

When asked to identify the single factor they enjoy best about playing the game, 32% chose the challenge of the game as their primary motivation, while 18% said being with friends is most important.

One in three respondents thinks it “costs too much,” while almost half of all respondents said they would be likely to play more golf if it cost less.

Spending On Golf

The average female respondent estimates they spent slightly less than $700 in the past year on golf equipment, with 18% saying they spent over $1,000. They also estimate they spent an additional $515 on golf apparel, with 14% spending above $1,000. 74% of respondents believe that the technology in golf club designs can significantly improve their play.

When it comes time to purchase new golf clubs, 63% of females take the golf clubs out to a driving range or onto a golf course to try them out prior to purchase, while 58% gather information from their golf professional, 44% research products and trends online, and 43% read golf publications to get information on equipment trends ( More than Beauty— Anna Rawson ) .

Media Habits

55% of respondents said they watch golf or golf-related programming on television at least once per week, while 14% watch it three to four times per month. Also, of the respondents who watch golf or golf related programming on television, 94% said they frequently watch the PGA Tour and 80% watch the LPGA.

94% of the respondents use the Internet to look at golf related websites while 80% use it 25% of the time or less to look for golf related content. Among those respondents who use the Internet to gather information about golf and golf related products, 58% use it to get information on golf courses and/or for directions, while 55% get golf equipment pricing, 50% check on equipment specs, 49% get weather information as it relates to golfing, and 42% use the Internet to make tee times.

Among those who are members of at least one online community, 45% are members of Facebook, 34% use LinkedIn, 22% are on MySpace and 15% use YouTube.

While the above represents just a sampling of the survey results from the Women’s Golf Market Study, Golf Datatech concludes that, overall, female golf enthusiasts have many of the same needs, wants and desires as their male counterparts, embracing the challenge of the game and the camaraderie created by spending quality time on the links with friends, family and business associates. At the same time, both females and males alike say their frequency of play is constrained by the cost of the game and the time it takes to play.

“To effectively tap into the women’s market, golf courses, golf professionals, equipment manufacturers and all other engrained constituencies must make the game more accessible and welcoming to the female player,” adds Stine. “This study shows that the women’s golf market remains underdeveloped and underserved.”

About the Author

golf here!

Invicta Men’s 8926 Pro Diver Collection Automatic Watch $77.99 Big, bold and masculine, the Invicta Men’s Pro Diver Automatic watch is an affordable luxury watch with classically styled features. This precisely constructed timepiece for men features a solid stainless steel case that’s 40mm wide (1.57 inches). It has a black face with Tritnite luminous hands and markers and a unidirectional black bezel with white numerals and markings. Other features include a…

Orient Men’s CEM65001YW Mako Yellow Dial Automatic Dive Watch $113.00 This limited-edition professional diver watch is an exclusive model for Amazon. This model commemorates our Brand’s USA launch as well as our new direct relationship and we found it appropriate to use an Amazon yellow for our dial color choice. This series of diver watches has been an international success and we are proud to extend this limited opportunity to USA Orient Watch Enthusiasts. Orien…

Orient #BNQ1X003X Women’s Tri Star Brown Dial Automatic Watch $47.95 About Orient: Orient Watch was formally established in July 13th, 1950 in Tokyo. However, the history of Orient Watch really dates back to 1901, when Shogoro Yoshida, the founder of Orient, opened a wholesale watch store in Ueno, Japan. Orient Watch has always focused on mechanical watches, primarily automatic watches with its own in-house automatic movements Orient was once part of the “Big Three…

Egyptian women – oriental women in Egypt

Women her role in various walks of life Resume Writing Astrology

Women – Should she be equal to men

She is the creator of men

O Woman! Lovely woman! Nature made thee,

to temper man: we had been brutes without you

Angels are painted fair, to look like you.”

Thomas Otway

That is the power of her existence. She is truly divine in disguise of human. But it is equally important that society runs on two wheels, both the wheels must be equally strong to run smoothly. Although legally and theoretically women is now recognized as the social equal of man, but the institutions of caste, the patriarch family and the prevailing value system are still surcharge on them due to the spirit of male dominance or what  we call male chauvinism. 

But it is the power of emotion, which is the evocation of the infinite faculties of women representing her ability to scale the height of thought, love, beauty, care, affection, sacrifice and the list is endless. She is the magnificent creation of God, a multifaceted personality with the power of benevolence, adjustability, integrity and tolerance. She is the companion of man gifted with equal mental faculty protection and provider of the embodiment of love and affection. The role given to the women in society is measuring rod and true index of its civilization attainment. She is the builder and molder of a nation’s destiny. Though delicate and soft as lily, she has a heart, far stronger and bolder than of man. She is the supreme inspiration for man’s onward march.

If one happens to turn the pages of history (women like Mother Teresa, Kalpana Chawla, Sushmita Sen and so many worth appreciating)role of women stand out in resplendent letters. As she not only has proved her abilities as soft, delicate, emotional and caring mother, wife, sister, nurse but also she is the one who has attained the heights of achieving success in the field of Aeronautical sciences. She is spreading the message of being equal to men by achieving success in almost all walks of life which earlier was considered foreign to women’s nature and attitude.

It is hard fact that when men get name and fame and recognition it takes them to chauvinistic attitude, and they start considering themselves as the unconquerable monarchs, but look at the women’s modesty and generosity she accepts this looked upon attitude not to challenge the world of men but accepts it as a trifle hurdle where like other spheres she has to mark her presence, which is yet to be discovered, which is yet to have spread some vestiges of hope.  Why shouldn’t she be considered equal to men? Why? After all she plays great part in the progress of any country as the mental and physical contact of women with life is much more lasting and comprehensive than of men. “For the hands that rocks the cradle rules the world”. In women is hidden the revolutionary energy which establish paradise on this earth. She is less selfish; more dedicated to duty and have much potency than men by nature. Only elevating presence of women on the top can help bring in a semblance of order in the present situation, where she is looked upon as the mere, pitiable, weak, helpless and dependent creature. Not only this she is emotional, affectionate, caring and yet firm and is the perennial source of aspiration for man himself in the odyssey of life. Without the emancipation of women, existence of Adam was meaningless. She is the cultural backbone of the society. She is the incarnation of love and existence of men’s very presence.

This is the era of women. They are gradually emerging as a force in social cultural as well as political fields of the country. The tolerance, perseverance, inner strength, insight efficiency of a responsible and good being women help in the governance of the country on wider scale and of family in narrower sense. If men have sight women have insight. She has now occupied a pivotal position and has achieved eminence in different fields. Obstacles, yes obstacles are there in her venture of establishing her presence felt as equal to men but she continues to bind it with hope, optimism, happiness and virtue together as by an indissoluble chain. It is her power only that sets her apart from men on the lower rungs of the evolutionary ladder. Rather it will not be an exaggeration if it is said that it is only such qualities, which moulds her personality to a God like height.

 But she is the other half of men. She has got her existence from Adam’s shoulder bone not to forget the evolutions of the first Homo sapiens. Men and women are like body and soul. Like a body without a soul implies a rotting carcass, left to waste away in to nothingness. It is the sexual character which turns breathless life into an otherwise inanimate piece of clay, transforming it into a living piece of creation. It means it is through their complementary relationship only life is generated, so where is the space left to discriminate between them. There are just small oblivions which need to be replaced with shining world which should echo concrete jingles of equal and hormonal relationship between men and women. After all nothing is perfect.

Sangeeta Chaudhary

Astrology and Blue Sapphire

Saturn can be the greatest friend – understand saturn and proppitiate saturn and see the valuable great blessings of lord Saturn
It is the Stars. The Stars above us govern our conditions.

Shakespeare:
King Lear, Act IV
Human desires are controlled by cosmic rotation of planets. It is quite bold statement as the scientists who want facts and facts only to prove the existence of metaphysical forest of knowledge, can challenge it. But let us simplify it with an illustration, as we know that desire for Knowledge is the evidence of Soul or Spirit _ it is the dividing line, separating Mankind from the animals. By Knowledge Man only becomes free__ free from the fate that ignorance would condemn him to bear. Like suppose one knew that heavy stone was at that moment falling from the roof, towards one’s head. As a sensible person, one would jump aside and be saved__ but the stone would continue to fall. In other words, the law or cause that might have killed the man is here represented__ he escaped only because he was protected by knowledge.

As Saturn’s and Mars planets were recently came closer to each other was something which was bound to happen, it was cosmic law _ not to be changed can never be changed.

All we have to take care of is to protect ourselves from the negative vibrations of the movement of the planets. But question lies that how to protect and can it be possible. Yes, it is possible and can definitely be done. It is just simple like a person’s health seriously affected at a certain period of time and as a sensible person one would escape the threatened break or try to minimize the consequences by consulting doctor and taking medicine. Doctor for planetary malfunction and benefaction is Astrology, which offers number of medicaments. One of the important measures is wearing precious stones to minimize the evil effect of planets.

Blue Sapphire or neelam or sauri ratna or shani priya removes evil effects of Saturn. It has the power of elevating ones status right from social life to professional life. It brings name, fame and wealth to its user. But caution is required as it can bring misfortune too. So it is advisable to first test it for a week or so before final wearing. But should all the people suffering from afflicted Saturn, wear it? No, let us know who all should wear it and when to wear it and other reasonable information about this stone.

Shani or Saturn is the presiding deity of longevity, calamities, spiritual wisdom and difficulties. It is both giver and destroyer. In all the twelve zodiac signs it resides for the period of 2 ½ years. When it resides in horoscope in 12th, 2nd and 1st house it resides for 7 ½ years, when it transits over moon from the previous house to the next house where moon is located takes 7 1/2 years to move which is called sarrsati. During this period it troubles the native financially, physically and sometimes to the extent of loss of social image.

There are also the great examples of saturn making Kings and emperors and Prime Ministers in this period or its major period . Saturn can be the greatest friend not foe . Depends on it’s location and other aspects in the horoscope.
Indira Gandhi ruled India as one of the strongest prime ministers in the history of free and democratic India. This was in the major period of Saturn . During Saturn’s major period or transitory phases one can be advised to wear blue sapphire. Also people born in Capricon rashi and lagna, Acquarious rashi and lagna, Taurus rashi and lagna, Gemini rashi and lagna, Virgo rashi and lagna, Libra rashi and lagna can wear this stone. Zodiac signs Cancer, Leo and Pisces should not even try to wear it.

Saturn exalts in Libra and deblitates in Aries .Gets combusted if it is within the 15 degrees orb of Sun. Saturn is known as the son Sun God .
Indian astrological scientists have also invented many other methods to please the God Saturn. However here it is the subject of blue saffires and astrology .
According to numerology people born on the dates 8, 17, and 26 can wear this stone. It is believed that it has the power to ease anxiety, attract love, gain social respect, fetch financial profits, calms anger and controls negative emotions. It is also associated with the power of curing diseases like rheumatism, colic, weak eyesight, dental infirmities, deafness, baldness, arthritis, alcoholism, depression, frustration and mental illness. It can also gift the user with the special power of remembering past lives and give telepathic powers to its user.

Academically it helps the user to excel in the field of engineering, in automobile industry, iron industry and help in maintaining cordial relationship with the employees. People with strong Saturn are gifted with the quality of managing masses .

One should be cautious of not wearing coral, ruby and pearl along with this stone. It should be worn on Saturday and be worn on second finger of right hand and weight should be 5 to 7 carats or rattis and should be set in silver. It can be substituted with lapis lazuli, malachite or amethyst.

There should be no cracks, black spot and chipped edges. One should test it before wearing. Keep it under your pillow or your pocket for 3-4 days if pleasant dreams come it is good but if bad dreams occur don’t wear it.

Sapphires are second in hardness, next to diamond and therefore don’t need much of care. Before wearing it wash it in rose water and immersed it in milk for one hour during the first hour starting from sunrise of first Saturday to the next Saturday.

Sapphires are found in India, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Russia, Thailand, Australia, U.S.A, U.K., Nepal, Mexico, Zambia and Nigeria. In India they are found in Jammu and Kashmir and are considered the best in the world.

Sapphires are epitome of love, loyalty, friendship, sympathy, harmony, emotions and yearning. They are all time favorite stones for the occasion of engagement or marriage. It is considered as the, stone of stones, and easily be identified. All we have to do is to check inclusions, which can be seen with naked eyes if it is not the same than it is not the genuine one. The inclusions are generally like feathers or like finger print impressions.
So be careful when you buy one for yourself.

Astrology and Venus

Venus is the nearest planet to the earth and scientist has nicknamed it as morning and evening star. Sometimes people don’t recognize it and call the police because they think that it is UFO or some alien spaceship. It is quite similar to earth and astrologers take it as signpost of love, sex, optimistic attitude, physical attraction, art, and affection and represents the receptive, emotional , passive and female principles..

In esoteric astrology Venus is regarded as the abode of concrete knowledge. Venus house conjunction shows how you express socially, romantically, and aesthetically in the different areas of the life cycle. Venus brings a sense of harmony, refinement and aesthetic taste to the house it occupies. Venus is the planet of pleasure as it is said that when on journey your car gets a puncture it is mostly to be occurred near gas station. In mythology Venus, or Aphrodite, is considered as the goddess of love. It represents femininity, sensuousness, it is the soft feeling of baby powder on one’s palm, the feeling of sand on one’s hand, the scent of wild flowers, it takes us for trip to earthly pleasures.

Venus retrogrades every 18 months for 6 weeks.
In Gustus Holst’s musical composition The Planets, Venus is called Bringer of peace. It is the ruling planet of Libra and Taurus. It is the planet of Friday. In Chinese astrology it is associated with the element metal.
In its sleeping state it can make man lethargic, sluggish, vain and preoccupied with appearance. It makes us just like a large woman eating chocolate and continuously watching T.V and lying on the sofa. It then makes one passive, inert, and unable to make positive changes.

In its awakened state it becomes the healer, with total balance between mind, body and soul. It blesses one with perfection of form, shape, art, and beauty in artistic piece of work. Strange but world’s greatest artist are all men. It makes one stylish luxury lover, selective, charming and easy going. Retro gradation of Venus. During Venus retrograde love impulses, attractions, values, relationships, money and possessions are altered and do not function in their usual way. This means it is the time to go and finish pending work also it deals with deep feelings of past events. They are activated internally and difficult to express externally. It is the time to know you, time to have a peep in what and why you prioritize those things which might have been waspish for others but comfortable to you. It is the time to tune your instincts for guidance.

As far as money is concerned you need to bother extravagant expenditure try to look beyond surface appearances. Also try to pocket information than actually buying things for you for instance you can sit on net and browse right from fashion tips to business tips than actually spending on them. This is the time which makes you rethink and reanalyze your decisions than implementing them in true sense.

In Vedic Astrology Venus represents Poetics, Aesthetics, and Rhetoric. Research says that most of the greatest poets and artists have Venus in their horoscope. Like Tennyson, Byron, Aurobindo, Omar Khyam and Tagore. During this time avoid weddings, opening fashion houses, beauty salon, art gallery, launching of a women magazine, buying expensive items, radical changes in personal looks and investments, parties and social events etc.

We should rather during this time try to clean the house and throw the things of no value or importance. We should also ask genuinely for forgiveness, try to remove the differences in relationship , contact the old friends to maintain relationships and develop unconditional love by doing prayers, meditations and through spiritualism.

Women and Photography

Photography is the art of reproducing pictures of people, nature or any depiction of values, sentiments, emotions, or actions through the instrument or device called camera. Like other discoveries the world of photography has undergone sudden and gradual changes from the camera without the film to the development of film with the method of photogram that is a method of making permanent images.

Life has taken a new dimension with the modern concept of photography. We have now various types of photography, like we have aerial photography, art photography, studio or advertising photography, outdoor and travel photography, photojournalism, and sports photography.

It is said the history has become more interesting because of those momentary clicks which gives life to past in present. And this meaningful life has the great of contribution of women folk in it like they are excelling in the field of medical sciences, teaching line, aeronautical sciences etc. they have made a special place in the field of photography also. Yes, once again the field which was considered as the men’s sole hierarchy. Actually hurdle is not the competition but it is the material used, which was not only smelly but has sort of hit and miss affair, which makes the profession a thought over for women, and moreover the equipments required for the photography are cumbersome.

The most illuminating fact still lies in the fact that women have entered in this profession way back during First World War. We have names like Lotte Jacobi, Aenne Biermann and Yva who have established themselves as renowned photographers of their time and have portrayed the pictures of self-dramatization. The way to success in this field was also not easy. Whenever the women used to shoot and work along with team of men or their husbands it was always their men co-partners or their husbands who used to pocket fame.

In this field also we have classes. First class is the behind the scene class which takes care of all the printing work from the negatives for which they get very less remunerations. Second class is assistance classes, which assist the women customers in toilettes, sit at reception, take orders, collect the cash and maintain good PR’S. Third class is the class of actual photographers who has brains to master their skills in this field. It has given more successful names of women in this field than . Various exhibitions have been organized to depict the journey of women photographers from the First World War to the period of Nazism.

Substantial cash awards are announced every year for upcoming women photographers, competitions and many federations have also been formed to encourage few women talent in this field. We have names like:

• Christina Broom is regarded as the first British woman press photographer. The number of events she covered included Derby Day, at Epsom, Surrey, investitures of monarchs, women suffrage demonstrations, the Oxford and Cambridge Boat race, and the Royal Mews at Buckingham Palace.
• Nancy Ford cones is another name who operated in Ohio. She received second prize for a photograph entitled ” Threading the Needle” in a Kodak competition.
• Clementina Hawarden was awarded a medal by the (then) Photographic Society, though she died aged forty-two, before receiving the award. The Victoria and Albert Museum, London owns many of her prints.

And the names are still adding. The work of photography by women presents striking portrayal of beauty, strife, sorrow, and dignity. Many so-called photographic works by the women bog the admirers with its picaresque quality. And in this they are more careful than men to tailor their work simply and effectively and which provides the reader with a fascinating and diverse view of photography at its best

Ageless entrepreneurs: Timeless Principles

Who is an entrepreneur?
The word entrepreneur derives from the French word “entre” (to enter) and “prendre” (to take), and literally it means the one who knows to synchronize… between his intellect and assets to accumulate gains (material as well as spiritual).

“It is not magic; it is not mysterious; it has nothing to do with genes. It is a discipline, and, like any discipline, it can be learned.”–Drucker. 1985 (1)Entrepreneurship is about a way of thinking and behaving. Entrepreneurs are people who are engaged in the process of creating and building something of value from practically nothing. They focus on doing and producing rather than watching and talking. Success flows to them as they focus on sensing opportunities, marshalling resources, taking calculated risks and pushing ideas through to reality, entrepreneurial thinking in action.

God: The greatest enterpreneur
Aesthetically or in the world of cosmos God is the greatest, original, ageless, omnipresent and omnipotent enterpreneur who has through his architectural skills and supernatural skills has created the LIFE . He is beyond time and space and is the initiater of huge energy field of this undestructible cosmos. To simplify He can make 24 more universes. The present universe actually has the speed to expand at the speed of light. God has used just 4% of the energy in creating this .That explains the enormous abundance and affluence available for the man kind to avail by using mind rightly. It is not being used more than 20% yet . Since man is the outcome of God’s manifestations, He has made him combination of intellect, emotions, spiritualism, intuitive powers and knowledge which embibes man with collective entrepreneurship so to call consciousness.

The seed : THOUGHT
A man’s mind is like a garden. If we plant good seeds, we will have a good garden. But if we don’t plant anything, something will grow and they will be weeds. That is nature’s law. As someone has rightly said: Our thoughts are causes You sow a thought, you reap an action. You sow an action, you reap a habit. You sow a habit, you reap a character. You sow a character, you reap a destiny. It all starts with a thought. “Precisely it all starts with right approach with right timings, of course age is not the restriction for entrepreneurship. I happened to read a story in one of the books which briefly sums up the approach taken by an entrepreneur. It runs like this: A man died and St. peter asked him if he would like to go to heaven or hell. The man showed his interest to visit both before taking final decision. He was taken to hell first where he saw a big hall with a long table, lots of food on it and music playing. He also saw rows of people with pale , sad faces. They looked starved and there was no laughter. He also found that these people were tied to four foot forks and knives and they were trying to get the food from the table to put into their mouths, but they couldn’t. After that he visited heaven. He found same things and people like in hell. But he got flabbergasted seeing the people there as they were laughing and were well-fed and healthy looking. He noticed that they were feeding one another across the table. The result was happiness, prosperity, enjoyment and gratification because they were not thinking of themselves alone but they were thinking to win. The same is true of lives of entrepreneurs. For example:

Once colgate company’s Md was visited by a consultant who after hard struggle got an appointment with him. He proposed the MD to increase the sale of the co. by 80 percent ( appx.) with his idea only. Reluctant but seeing consultant’s confidence, strong will, belief in self and spitfire gave him an opportunity to give his idea and rest is the story which everybody knows that he proposed to make the colgate tubes of plastic than that of aluminium and also by increasing the mouth of the tube by few cms which brought him position and also money. The owner of pan parag masala also made his fortune by introducing small pouches of pan parag so that general mass can also afford that, which thereafter brought a revolution in the business market of goods . Bill gates the richest man in the world is another example who has revolutionized the world of communications throgh the internet and by creating infrastructure for super information highway. One can call George Bush also the great entrepreneur who is making a protection cell for his country’ s energy security by enhancing oil wealth. Dhirubhai Ambani is another great entrepreneur who established the biggest fortune 500 company in the private sector, though he just started his struggle around the middle age. He came from small village family of gujrat in India and did not have formal education. He has left behind a legend Reliance group which is the pride of India . There are entrepreneurs in all the fields. Alexander the great , Ghengis Khan ,Ashoka the great were warrior entrepreneurs. Columbus who discovered America the greatest country of present times was an adventurist entrepreneurs. There are entrepreneurs in sciences , trading , entertainment , acting , media , politics , writing etc. There are many whom we can name but the list is unending. So the seed is thought if one knows what to get from where, how, when, why and from whom one has the calibre to establish oneself as the greatest enterpreneur. Napoleon Hill wrote Henry Ford never saw the face of school but had these qualities. By and large everyone of us has the potential only the degree varies from person to person and society to society and environment to environment and country to country.

The principles
Shiv khera has rightly said that “winners don’t do different things. They do things differently. “Enterpreneurs seek perfection in everything they do. They have the guiding principles like having confidence mastered by positive thinking. They have the sixth sense of making their failures their success. That is, they learn from their failures more. They do right thing for the right reason and in right time, they are not carried away by their impulses what brings them credibility is controlling their senses, things etc. instead of being controlled by them. Their best resource is the human resource as they build trust by developing mutual respect with people. They make the most obscure the known and important thing which not only generates wealth for them but also help them in removing obstacles to bring effectiveness and positive results. They know that success can be achieved if they abide by spiritualism and materialism together. They are able to relax in action and act in relaxation as they are not afraid of vacuum bringers like fear, ineffective beliefs, darkness, as they know that these are absences which vanish when the light is there as after every night there is new brighter morning and the Sun shining. King Soloman believed there is always a Sun meridian time as the Sun is always shining some where on the planet . It never sets for the bright thinkers. Precisely they do things differently. Some loopholes Just the desire to make lot of money, having heard that many entrepreneurs have, is not a basis of bringing fame and name as entrepreneurs. Prone to negative thoughts, insomnias, ignorance, problem creators, pessimism, excuses, selfish people, egoist, lack of planning, lack of training, lack of persistence, lack of priorities, procrastination, lack of discipline, fear of failing, fear of rejection, inability to use talent etc. are some troubleshooters which actually has produced unsuccessful entrepreneurs. Some Strategies Some people have a knack for discerning opportunities in ordinary events. But there are things you can do. Attend lectures. Read books. biographies, go through magazines. dream , visualise creatively . Observe what other people are doing. And talk to others who are involved in similar ventures. The smallest key is collect ideas, organize them, develop them in the form of planning, ask questions, think pros and cons, omit what you think is energy sucker or default, and finally reorganize and shoot.
The moral If you want to be a successful entrepreneur build in the insight, the vision, which makes one the best, successful and renowned entrepreneur. As there is a saying:
” Where the vision is one year, cultivate flowers, Where the vision is ten years, cultivate trees, Where the vision is eternity, cultivate people.” So think win and be a winner. “
Success desires you to remain away from guilt .
Swami A. Parthasarthy qouted from Bhagwad Geeta , Sin is not in the action , it is the reaction which rebounds after the action .
Plan and take such actions the reaction of which does not make you guilty . Such action of an entrepreneur becomes divine action and no stress can touch you .
Swami Chinmayananda mentioned in his version of Bhagwad Geeta about perfection. The difference between your planning and action is the measure of your lack of perfection. Planning and action go hand in hand for a great entrepreneur whether it is spiritualism or materilaism .You have all the powers within yourselves .

Free resume writing tips

To stand out of the crowd in the field of employment one should know the dexterity of creating a bond with one’s perspective employer. Since most employers spend a few minutes (or less!) looking over each resume they receive, it’s important to package your credentials in an appealing and concise format.

Make your own resume more compelling — by selling your strengths to employers! The goal of your resume is to make an employer want to interview you. It’s a powerful marketing tool that promotes who you are, what you want to do, and the value you will bring to an organization. Tailor it for each individual position. Usually it does not entail too much extra work. It is more a question of emphasizing certain things and de-emphasizing others based on the values placed highly by that employer. The best way to select information that belongs on your resume is to think like an employer. Ask yourself, “If I were hiring a person for this position, what training and experience would be related” Give brief, specific, positive information that would be of interest to your next employer. Do not give unrelated or negative information. Your resume writing can either make or break a job opportunity.

Formats

Your resume introduces you to potential employers. Find out how to write one that will make a good impression. Learn about different resume formats.
There is no right or wrong format, as long as your resume is concise, readable, and presents your qualifications in the best possible light.
Reverse Chronological resumes work best for people who have a strong, continuing work history with progressively more responsible positions. Presents material in reverse chronological order starting with the most recent job and then working backwards. Highlights the progress you’ve made in your jobs. unctional resumes work best for entry level, career changes, and those with gaps in their work history. Emphasizes your skills and accomplishments by listing experiences by major functional areas. Skills and accomplishment oriented resumes may be more effective by showing the employer what you can do for him or her based on education, training, or prior experience and accomplishments. Your resume is a profile of your skills, job experience and accomplishments. It is your opportunity to emphasize your strengths, education and talents. Combination resumes combine the chronological and functional formats to highlight selected jobs. A combination of the two may be used to highlight your experience or accomplishments gained from multiple jobs, or career changes. There are 3 popular online resume formats used widely today. These online resume formats include ASCII Text, HTML and PDF.

ASCII Text is basic text that you would use in an email message. HTML is markup language that used to build web pages. The PDF format is Adobe’s format for presenting documents that are embedded within page and cannot be edited. PDF’s are formatted more like a graphical picture, with improved formatting for viewing text images.

Some basics

· Use 8-1/2″ x 11″ paper, 1-2 pages
· Choose ivory, white, cream, buff or light gray paper
· Use personal computer, word processor, typewriter or typesetting
· Keep margins 1″ wide at sides and bottom
· Check for and correct any spelling, punctuation, typing or grammatical
errors
· Write short and to-the-point statements
· Keep it brief; write a summary, not a life history!
· Use short phrases beginning with action words to demonstrate
accomplishments and results
· Provide positive and honest information
· Use a simple, professional, easy-to-read style

· Emphasize important information by underlining or using capital letters when
appropriate, but don’t overdo it.
· Don’t list wages, company street addresses, references, salary
requirements, personal problems
· Provide examples of your qualifications

10 common pitfalls to avoid when preparing your résumé:

1. Your résumé should show a clear match between your skills and experience and the job’s requirements. A general résumé with no sharp focus is not seen as competitive. Why are you the best person for this particular position?
2. A solid résumé is much more than a summary of your professional experience; it’s a tool to market yourself. Avoid phrases like “responsibilities included” or “duties included.” Your résumé should not be a laundry list of your duties but rather an announcement of your major accomplishments. Information on a résumé should be listed in order of importance to the reader. Don’t ask employers to wade through your hobbies first. Dates of employment are not as important as job titles.
3. Education should be emphasized if you are freshly out of school and have little work experience; otherwise, put it at the end. If your résumé is difficult to read or key information is buried, it’s more likely to be cast aside.
4. Résumés that go too far back into the job seeker’s work history can put that person at risk for possible age discrimination. Does anyone really need to read about your high school job bagging groceries, especially when that was 20 years ago? The rule of thumb for someone at a senior level is to list about the last 15 years worth of professional experience.
5. Don’t forget to bullet the important skills that make you a standout in your field. Your objective is to play up the value that you will bring to a prospective employer. Emphasize how you will add worth to the company, not the reason you want the job. Employers are looking for someone to enhance the organization, not their own résumé.
6. Try to stay away from the cookie-cutter résumé templates that employers see constantly. Show a little imagination when writing and designing your résumé. But don’t overdo it. Overly artistic or tiny fonts are a no-no, since they’re hard to read and don’t scan or photocopy well.
7. If your Web site includes photos of your cat or your personal blog about what you did over the weekend, don’t steer prospective employers there by including it on your résumé. Keep your personal and your professional life separate in order to be taken seriously.
8. Your résumé is your one chance to make a first impression. A typo or misspelled word can lead an employer to believe that you would not be a careful, detail-oriented employee.
9. Everyone wants to present his or her work experience in the most attractive light, but information contained on your résumé must be true and accurate. Whether you’re simply inflating past accomplishments or coming up with complete fabrications, lying is simply a bad idea. Aside from any moral or ethical implications, chances are you’ll eventually get caught and lose all credibility.
10. A common mistake is neglecting to mention any extra education, training, volunteer work, awards, or recognitions that might pertain to your particular job area or industry. Many

Resume Writing Tips

Begin by determining your objective (do this prior to writing the resume).

Your Resume Objective is the first thing employers will read — make sure it’s great! Your resume will be first scanned for only a few seconds. Your resume objective must capture them and sell them a value.
Too many resume objectives are written with the job seeker’s desire in mind. For example, A sales position where my creativity and skill can be utilized with room for growth!
The above statement does nothing for your employer.
This is all about You! Give them what they want! Answer their question, “what can you do for me?”
Your resume objective should not be YOUR resume objective, but should be your employer’s objective.
Your job is to make a match! Lure them in towards reading the rest of your resume by demonstrating right away, that you know what they need.

Example

OBJECTIVE: Sales position in need of custom 10 years’ experience meeting sales quotas.

Qualification

It should be mirror to your academics giving in clear picture. For e.g

Example1. 17 years of experience in the finance, service and consumer industries. Expertise in computerized insurance tracking, development of sales territory, sales and customer service training, and operations supervision. Special skills in: Production/Operation, Training Supervision, Customer Service, Field Service Coordination, Budget Management, Problem Solving.

Example 2. Top sales performer in computer software. Increased new accounts by 35%.Achieved top sales award for 3 consecutive years. Developed Internet strategies for various clients in 13 Western states.

Example 3. Veteran photojournalist with extensive regional, national and international experience. A track record of unhesitatingly accepting assignments at a moment’s notice whenever the situation demands. Strong indep worker, as well as a contributing team member.
Guidelines for writing Resume

· Know your audience before you begin writing your resume.
· Your resume must be consistent with the position you are pursuing.
· Choose your language carefully and proofread. Your resume
· must be free of spelling, grammar, punctuation, or typographical errors.
· Tailor your resume to your prospective employer’s needs.
· Highlight the skills and abilities that will make you’re an attractive candidate.
· If possible, use a computer to prepare your resume. There are computer programs that make it easy to produce a professional looking resume. You’re Wisconsin Job Center, school, library, or quick print shop can help.
· Do not include irrelevant personal information (age, weight, height, marital status, etc.).
· Do not include salary and wages.
· Center or justify all headings. Don’t use abbreviations.
· Use bullets with short sentences rather than lengthy paragraphs. Resumes are read quickly, therefore make key phrases stand out. Bulleting information will help the reader view your accomplishments.
· Use action words – words like prepared, managed, developed, championed, monitored, and presented will cause your resume to stand out.
· You should always use %’s, $’s and #’s. Dollar totals, numbers, and percentages stand out in the body of a resume.
· Above all in your resume and interview – you must be positive. Therefore, leave off negatives and irrelevant points. If you feel your graduation date will subject you to age discrimination, leave it off your resume. If you do some duties in your current job that don’t support your job search objective, don’t mention them.

Proofread thoroughly

* Use bullet points and indents to set off accomplishments or add emphasis.
* Electronic and Scanned resumes have a different set of guidelines, however it is still important to create a stunning resume you will mail or hand deliver to your contacts.

You can determine keywords by reviewing:

* Job descriptions from previous positions you have held
* Techniques that you use
* The Dictionary of Occupational Titles
* The Occupational Outlook Handbook
* Industry/Professional and Technical organizations
* Professional/Technical acronyms i.e., HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)
* Buzzwords specific to a profession or industry
* Job postings or classified advertisements
* Local government job service agencies
* Recruiters job descriptions
* Associates who work in the same field
* What YOU should NEVER include in your resume
* Age
* False information
* Marital status
* Health
* Number of children and their ages
* Hob Photographs
* Race
* Religion
* Detailed description of non-relevant jobs
* Controversial information (i.e., political affiliation)
* Social Security number
* Anything Negative
* bies or dangerous activities (unless job-related)

Women Entrepreneurs

The ladder of success
Recently Indira Vishnampet , The CEO and founder of Hydus, Inc. (Houston) a solutions provider in enterprise integration and enterprises data management_ has been rewarded as the Outstanding Woman Entrepreneur for the year 2007 for her professional achievements.

SOME SUCCESS STORIES
Is she the only one who has brought laurels. What makes a woman a successful entrepreneur is not what we call family background or luck.

Shanaz Hussain is the famous woman entrepreneur who won India ’s highest honor Padma Shree in the field of natural beauty and anti-ageing treatments but she accumulated all fame with the dint of her accepting new challenges, listening to her instincts to be innovative and enhancing her foresight and accomplishing her goals. She is the real entrepreneur.

Success came abruptly to housewife turn entrepreneur Mrs. Vibha Bahl , founder and Managing Director FUN FOODS, INDIA , who started her career as businesswoman by taking homemade flavored yoghurt to Diwali Mela and they ended up selling like hot cakes. And her journey of success started way back in 1984. Now she has over 200 people working under her in three factories and a range of 120 products to her credit.

Betsy Fein , the president of Clutterbuster , was once serving as human resource director, who after getting fired from her job decided to forget chasing the rat race; instead she thought to own something with more flexibility and more time for her kids, friends and family members and lo! She discovered her innate quality of home organizing which her town, her friends and family. The business which she started with a shoestring budget has now flourished and is a recognized industry leader.

ARE THEY DIFFERENT.
They are not different. Difference lies in recognizing their existing potential.
This potential is an embodiment of self confidence , talent, versatility, realizing ones own empowerment, trusting your gut feeling, balance between professional and family life and above all is cultivating desire to produce par excellence mind body and soul.

IS BUSINESS THEIR CUP OF TEA?
Behind every success story there is some motivational factor. But being themselves motivators women Entrepreneurs are not handicapped to any man of body and soul rather they generate them with their sense of intuition, building strong relations and hierarchy with the spirituality.
Talking about statistical data it is found that raising a venture capital is not only men’s territory but it is surveyed that women led companies excelled by ten percent in different walks of business. Reason behind is their result orientation, focus on action and breaking shackles of restrictions and marching towards sustaining powerhouse of fund raising. Isn’t that sounding unusual?

WHO ALL SUPPORT
If we give a peep to Diary Industry in India we find that credit for its being No.1 in milk production goes to women who have been the facilitators and promoters of this industry. There should be follow-up development programs for such women who are in a way small unrecognized entrepreneurs. Some of the organizations like CFTRI etc are trying to crystallize turning micro zone industries to national agenda. This sort of support definitely empower woman to remove the gender bias and kiss the feet of success as COMPLETE WOMAN. Besides the support of government they themselves are the motivators. Women Entrepreneurs are not handicapped to any man of body and soul rather they generate them with their sense of intuition, building strong relations and hierarchy with the spirituality.

WHAT MOTIVATES THEM.
Women as a matter of fact can be entrepreneurs if they pocket few value points, which can be their weaknesses actually. The demarcation between wining and loosing, personal failures shouldn’t be taken as defeats and mistakes which are inevitable in business and above all following the rule of first collecting, organizing. Developing, modifying, and ready to shoot and success is touching your feet can help the lead. Women entrepreneurs climb the ladder of success with the deep and intense faith in their potential, discovering their positives to turn into self love and self acceptance, not hesitant to be opportunist to make the chain of associates, capacity to take educated risks, be persistent in taking maximum gains from their efforts and empowering their vision beyond achieving goals .

How to recognize yourself as Entrepreneurs?

• If you are result oriented, you are gifted with entrepreneurial powers.
• If you are believer in action, you can be an entrepreneur.
• If you have spontaneous and independent thinking you are blessed with entrepreneurial qualities.
• If you can equate between business and family you are the one who can rule the world with entrepreneurial skills.
• If you can nurture innate power and professional power within simultaneously you are an entrepreneur.
• If you have the ability to catch up fast in this patriarchic society without hurting their chauvinism you are the real and successful entrepreneur.
• If you are national as well as international business information savvy, you are the one. (Though formal knowledge is not obligatory but latest know how’s of technology is the boon).
• If you are energetic, creative, and imaginative and have passion to do things in your own way you have the potential to be entrepreneur.
• If you are opportunity realizer, idea facilitator and promoter you can find yourself finally landing into business.
• If you have a notion that once you start your venture you have to serve to the world the same way as you serve YOUR FAMILY you are an entrepreneur.

  Some secret steps to be successful entrepreneurs are:
  Ø Set your goals
  Ø Plan investment , resources and gains thereafter , beforehand only
  Ø Stay in tune with people who can help to make you come in limelight
  Ø Shoot the target and lo! Gains flow in.
  Ø Review your plans
  Ø Look for customer to buy your idea/product

  Get rid of that insecurity demon

Overcome those fears of not having enough capital, lack of family support, lack of confidence and lack of right public and private institutions just listen to your soul’s voice the real you the real entrepreneur.

Some Motivational guidelines
Exposure and stimulation : travel all the distances to get exposed ,to people of power, to resources, to knowledge , to communication industry and whatever can help you .
Encourage Mentoring : be in the company of people with positive thinking coz they fill with enthusiasm and encouragement.
Create Support system : Internet, social circle and above all aim high to get quick and positive results
Learn to deal with failures : take failure as a challenge recollect all your flaws work upon and make them your strengths.
Don’t doubt your viability : don’t confront with your talented soul. Crave for unquenchable thirst of power and pelf and ways will automatically open up for you.
Open up all the avenues : realize your dreams and be generous to open up all the avenues to let profit flow in from all the directions.

So if you have a compelling idea and well thought of executing it .Be passionate about it, build the sources and sell your idea.
Yes, I can see a woman entrepreneur emerging.

 Sangeeta Chaudhary

About the Author

Sangeeta Chaudhary

m.a eng, m.ed, german interpreter

TV Series similar to Desperate Housewives?

Dears,
I would like to know of good TV series that is similar to Desperate Housewives (ie; more Women oriented).

Lipstick Jungle
Mistresses
Sex and the city

Wristwatches / Relojes De Pulsera (German Edition) $17.72 The wristwatch is a classic example of technical perfection combined with design expertise. A 740 pages account of one of the most collected item, looking at the manufactures, the design, and even under the dial. Covers key designers including: Bulgari, Casio, Daniel Roth, Delance, Fortis, Gerald Genta, Lange und Söhne, Martin Braun, Milus, Movado, Nomos Glashütte, Omega, Rado, Schauer, Sinn, Z…

Invicta Men’s 8932 Pro Diver Collection Silver-Tone Watch $49.00 Big, bold and masculine, the Invicta Quartz Pro Diver 8932 is an affordable luxury watch with classically styled features. This precisely constructed quartz timepiece for men features a solid stainless steel case that’s 37mm wide, slightly smaller than its 8926 cousin. It has a black face with Tritnite luminous hands and markers and a unidirectional black bezel with white numerals and markings. Ot…

Invicta Men’s 8926 Pro Diver Collection Automatic Watch $77.99 Big, bold and masculine, the Invicta Men’s Pro Diver Automatic watch is an affordable luxury watch with classically styled features. This precisely constructed timepiece for men features a solid stainless steel case that’s 40mm wide (1.57 inches). It has a black face with Tritnite luminous hands and markers and a unidirectional black bezel with white numerals and markings. Other features include a…

Orient Men’s CEM65001B ‘Black Mako’ Automatic Dive Watch $98.79 This diver series is the most popular collection that Orient has to offer. A feature that makes this model into a professional diver watch is its water-resistance of up to 200 meters. This is perfect for you if you enjoy scuba diving on your vacations to Hawaii. You will notice that this watch combines the timeless design of the dial with the sporty look of the bezel to create a work of art. …

Murder on the Orient Express $4.99 …

Orient Men’s CEM65002D ‘Blue Mako’ Automatic Dive Watch

How To Pick Specialty, Task-Oriented Watches Such As Traser Watches and Seiko Watches

If you are looking for wristwatches that are great for specific tasks, you may want to look at purchasing Traser watches or Seiko watches. These are available in a number of different styles and may have unique functions that make them perfect for specific jobs or hobbies.

Traser watches are designed for people who need durability and visibility as well. There are times when you are out and about in the evening and you need to be able to read your watch dial. Traser watches are fantastic because they use specific technology to ensure that their illumination will not fade. Many owners of Traser watches report that the dial is still as brightly lit and easy to read twenty years after purchasing it.

Traser watches come with a variety of different functions. There are models that have a timer feature, which can be perfect if you are counting down the seconds in a race or in the air. They are water resistant and come in a variety of different case materials and strap materials as well. This can be fantastic since some people prefer bands which are made of metal and others want watch bands which are made of rubber or leather.

Seiko watches are also durable. Seiko watches have developed a reputation for being very dependable. They also have a number of features including water resistant cases and functions such as chronographs and calendars. They come in battery operated models although Seiko watches are also available in a limited edition that features automatic movement as well. These Seiko watches are as dependable as many of the high end watches available today.

If you do think that you are interested in choosing one of the many Seiko watches available on the market, you need to think about whether you want a man’s watch, a woman’s watch or one that is sized to be appealing to both genders. Both men’s and women’s Seiko watches are available in a variety of case materials and bezel materials as well.

Keep in mind that Seiko watches are water resistant to 100M which makes them a great choice if you are a diver or swimmer. There is even a line of Seiko watches aimed at providing dependability and specific functionality that boaters will find exceptionally useful.

Seiko watches also look very high end as well. Some models incorporate precious metals and diamonds into the case which make them as beautiful as they are dependable. If you are a woman who wants a great looking watch that is affordable and dependable, these may be the watches for you.

Taking the time to figure out which model you want is not hard but it may take some time. You need to think about how much punishment the watch is likely to take and whether you want a watch that is designed to be more rugged or one that is meant to look more refined and delicate. This may be just the information you need to pick the right watch for you.

About the Author

When looking for task oriented watches, you need to spend some time in order to make sure you make the right choice. The Watch Gallery has a wide range of Seiko watches and Traser watches to choose from and you are sure to find one that’s just right for you.

Does too much porn make guys masturbate to content they aren’t really “into”?

His daily porn is usually female oriented but has the occassional trans or bisexual (2 guys with a girl BUT the guys are also with eachother in some of it). He says it is just because it is ‘different’ and has no interest in exploring bisexuality but doesn’t this mean he is turned on by watching men together if he only uses porn for arousal? (he said he doesn’t surf…always for masturbation) I’m confused and kinda freaked out!

Yes, ive seen a lot of porn! ive gotten bored of the usual sex thing. So I ventured out to things that I normally wouldnt imagine doing. Like s&m….. Anyway, after I “release” I look at what I was watching in disgust. So thats probably what he does, watches two guys get it on since its different gets turned on, then after he “releases” he is in awe by what he just did. So I guess it can be normal.

Art of the Orient, Ceramics, Ivory Carvings, Semi-precious Minerals, Necklaces, Cloisonne Enamel, Lacquer, Bronzes. November 9, 1951. Sale 456. 259 lots. No photos. Some descriptions, including dynasty and provenance. Kende Galleries, 119-121 West 57th Street, New York 19, New York….

Art of the Orient: Chinese Porcelain, Jade & Other Semi-Precious Mineral Carvings, Early Dynastic Bronze, Mirrors, Tibetan Bronzes. Febraury 7-8, 1951. Sale 1222. 498 lots. Inclues Japanese lacquer, inro ivory carvings, netsuke, oriental furniture & decorative objects. Property of Robert West, Dr Felix Stumboll, Jules Jacobs, and others. Some bw photos. Extensive description of each item….

Art of the Orient: Chinese Ceramics, Semi Precious Mineral Carvins, Chinese Paintings, Sculptures, Japanese Ivory Carvings & Lacquer. February 13-14, 1946. Sale 738. Property of Elisabeth Severance Prentiss, Charles N. Edge, Breckinridge Long and others. 407 lots. Many bw photos. Extensive description of each item….

Orient Men’s CFM00001B Power Reserve Semi-Skeleton Black Automatic Watch $199.80 What fascinates me the most about this multi-eye sports watch is that the make of this model is motivated by Marcus Grönholm. As a former rally car driver, Marcus Grönholm would particularly enjoy the sporty design of this watch. Just notice how the slick design incorporates the ideals of athleticism in the field of watches. There is no doubt in my mind that this watch truly embodies those tr…

Orient Men’s CFM00001S Power Reserve Semi-Skeleton Silver Automatic Watch $188.95 What fascinates me the most about this multi-eye sports watch is that the make of this model is motivated by Marcus Grönholm. As a former rally car driver, Marcus Grönholm would particularly enjoy the sporty design of this watch. Just notice how the slick design incorporates the ideals of athleticism in the field of watches. There is no doubt in my mind that this watch truly embodies those tr…

Rotherham Utd v Leyton Orient – Div 3 Play Off Semi Final – penalty shoot out – 19th May 1999

How to maintain, clean, and keep your Oriental Rug looking at its best

You’ve just bought an Oriental rug and it really ties the room together. Now you probably want your new rug to last years to come. No problem. You just have to follow a few simple instructions in order to make the most out of your rug’s life and durability.

Of course that there are some issues that can not be avoided. Rugs, unlike most of our purchases, are made to be walked on. So the best and first thing to do is to ask your family to remove their shoes while in the house. Most of the dirt and wear of rugs is a direct result of the surprises we carry on our soles (by the way in Persia, nobody keeps their shoes on while inside).

But still, there are guests and pets and kids and food and you don’t really know what the cat’s going to drag in tomorrow.

Rotate

Although Oriental carpets come from a land of a thousand suns, rugs do not like direct sunlight and they tend to fade out. So just like you do with your mattress, try to rotate the carpet from time to time and prevent wear and color fade from happening in the same areas. Rotating a carpet a couple of times a year can help you maintain the rug’s value and look.

Vacuum Regularly

Vacuum rugs often, and do it on both sides. Try to use the vacuum nozzle instead of a beater bar and whatever you do – don’t shake them! Shaking Oriental Rugs leads to thread and knots damage. When you vacuum, don’t skip areas that are hidden under furniture. Moths love those dark, quiet places and moths’ eggs just love to consume rugs.

Know Rug First Aid

There’s nothing to do about it – sooner or later a glass of wine will spill, coffee will drip, the kid’s soda, and the dog that couldn’t wait… It is very important to master the rules of rug first-aid and act as quickly as humanly possible in order to prevent stains and heavy smells. Before the spill begins to dry, clean the area with a wet paper towel. Then use a mix of water and vinegar if you want to prevent color damage.  

Get a Rug Pad

A rug pad is also recommended and can help prevent slippage, act as a buffer to minimize abrasion and protect your floors. A good quality pad will also provide airflow between your floor and the rug and airflow allows the rug to breathe, which in turn will extend the rug’s life. Rug pads may also prevent the crushing and wearing of pile after heavy use.

Original Oriental rugs can be a smart investment if you keep them in a good shape. Your rug will increase in value, since well maintained rugs are harder and harder to find these days. If you still need help with your rug cleaning or restoration, turn to a professional Oriental rug dealer such as www.1800GeatA Rug.com where you will find experienced importers and wholesalers of beautiful rugs from all over the world.

Whether you are looking for a Persian Antique or Semi-Antique, Fine New Oriental Rugs, 19th century European designs or modern area rugs, log on to www.1800GetARug.com where you will find a unique collection of beautiful handknotted rugs which is always up to date with color and design.

www.1800GeatARug.com are experienced importers and wholesalers of beautiful rugs from all over the world.

About the Author

Mark Etinger is a business strategist at Ajax Union Marketing Ajax Union specializes in Business Development and Internet Marketing

Best chicago neighborhood for young married couples?

My husband and I are moving to Chicago this summer. We come from Ohio and this will be a big change for us. We are so overwhelmed with the apartment search. We honestly don’t know where to begin. We are looking for a safe and semi-quiet neighborhood where it’s easy walking distance to grocery stores, shops, restaurants, coffeehouses, etc. We don’t drink so bars are not needed. We’d like to live in a more “family-oriented” neighborhood since we plan on starting a family in a few years. Any help would be great because this search is so overhwleming!

As half of a young married couple myself, I’d say Lincoln Square or someplace around the Southport Corridor. Both are on the North Side of the city. Lincoln Square is a little further north and a little bit west. Both have cute shops and restaurants. There are also a good number of families in both areas. The Southport Corrider is technically part of Lakeview but it’s one of the tamer sections (as opposed to Wrigleyville).

I’d also suggest Andersonville for all the reasons the other posters have mentioned. It’s actually pretty close to Southport and Lincoln Square so you can’t go wrong with either of the neighborhoods.

Single family houses in all three neighborhoods are relatively expensive (starting at $800k) but you can find a 3 bedroom for around $450-$500k.

Pack of 12 PIRATE CREW Figures: 2.5 inch WARRIOR GANG SOLDIERS “Set includes a dozen 2-1/2 inch tall mean looking Pirate Warrior Figures. There’s usually about 7 different figures and some duplicates brandishing a variety of weapons including swords, axes, pistols and rifles. The figures are made from flexible plastic and are inexpensive quality with sometimes inconsistent paint jobs. Most can stand up on their own, with exception of the peg-legs and riflemen…

The Cave Of the Chinese Skeletons An exciting novel of espionage in the Orient, filled with pounding action and heart-stopping suspense. A desperate game of death…

Orient Men’s CEM65005D ‘Blue Mako’ Automatic Rubber Strap Dive Watch $90.58 This diver series is the most popular collection that Orient has to offer. A feature that makes this model into a professional diver watch is its water-resistance of up to 200 meters. This is perfect for you if you enjoy scuba diving on your vacations to Hawaii. You will notice that this watch combines the timeless design of the dial with the sporty look of the bezel to create a work of art. …

Orient Men’s CFM00001B Power Reserve Semi-Skeleton Black Automatic Watch $199.80 What fascinates me the most about this multi-eye sports watch is that the make of this model is motivated by Marcus Grönholm. As a former rally car driver, Marcus Grönholm would particularly enjoy the sporty design of this watch. Just notice how the slick design incorporates the ideals of athleticism in the field of watches. There is no doubt in my mind that this watch truly embodies those tr…

Orient Men’s CFM00001S Power Reserve Semi-Skeleton Silver Automatic Watch $188.95 What fascinates me the most about this multi-eye sports watch is that the make of this model is motivated by Marcus Grönholm. As a former rally car driver, Marcus Grönholm would particularly enjoy the sporty design of this watch. Just notice how the slick design incorporates the ideals of athleticism in the field of watches. There is no doubt in my mind that this watch truly embodies those tr…

Orient Executive CFA05002B Automatic Watch

Introduction to the Deep Sea Environment

The Deep Sea Environment In this essay we shall discuss several aspects of the deep sea environment. The main focus will be on the environment below the Mesopelagic Zone that extends down to 2000 meters below sea level with an emphasis on the environment in the Bathypelagic and Abyssalpelagic Zones.

We will examine the sources of evidence for a discussion of this deep sea environment by looking at some of the techniques man uses to gather information there. This will be followed by a description of some of the determining conditions in these regions with a note on geology, sediments , a brief discussion of the deep water masses, a description of marine life to be found in the deep sea environment, its adaptations and challenges with a special note on hydrothermal vents (although at an average depth of 2100 meters they are just within our discussion zone), hydrocarbon seeps and a final conclusion about the overall importance of the deep sea environment for mankind.

Firstly, why study the deep sea environment at all ? The abyssal plains are dark and seem devoid of life or interest but nothing could be further from the truth. Abyssal areas represent over 90% of the benthos and over 80% of ocean lies below 3000 meters. New discoveries are being made and these could greatly influence our future.

The deep sea is a repository of scientific information and resources that can influence us in the fields of medicine, chemistry, physics, biology, feeding the world’s expanding population and conservation. The deep sea is in fact the largest ecosystem on Earth . Let us first examine the methods of evidence collection. The Collection of  Evidence There are many techniques and  devices that have been used to explore the depths and gather information ranging from the days of dropping lead weights (line sounding) over the side of ships, to echo sounding since World War I, to the invention of scuba gear (not useful at our depths under discussion), to the use of Geological Long Range Inclined Asdic (GLORIA). Sidescan sonar and continuos seismic surveying methods do give us a wealth of information.

In addition a range of simple devices give us information such as thermometers, water bottles and current meters for measuring the physical and chemical properties of the water, dredges, corers, heat probes and cameras for studying bottom sediments and bottom life. However, for centuries the only evidence we had of marine life in the deep sea was extremely scarce. The area we are discussing has rarely been visited. Diving using atmospheric suits (JIM) can only cope to around 450 meters currently. We need different equipment to explore the depths we are discussing. In 1964 Alvin made the first successful scientific deep sea manned submersible dive in behalf of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute. Later updated versions have been able to dive to 6,000 meters.

Alvin was the first to discover hydrothermal vents and explore a small section of the mid oceanic ridge. We will return to this environment later. For depths below this we rely on remote operated vehicles or ROVs. Cutting edge research is being conducted using ROVs by Woods Hole OI and also Monterey bay Aquarium Research Institute.. Man has even visited the lowest point. In January 1960 Piccard and Walsh descended in the Trieste II ( a bathyscaphe) to the deepest known point on Earth, the Mariana Trench at 10,915 meters. Despite the overall paucity of evidence and the fact that the vast majority of the seabed remains to be explored we can discuss the deep water environment in a dynamic way.

New discoveries are being made frequently in this field. Let us now look at the geological basis of the deep sea environment. Geology The Ocean lithosphere is approximately 100 km thick ( therefore significantly thinner than the continental lithosphere) and this refers to the crust and the upper part of the mantle. The lithosphere is composed mainly of peridotite. The upper part of the lithosphere is the crust which is made up mainly of lighter granitic rock. The oceanic crust is thinner and denser than the continental crust and made up mainly of basaltic rock. The entire lithosphere (oceanic and continental) sits on top of the viscous lower layer called the asthenosphere which forms part of the upper mantle.

The lithosphere is composed of 7 major plates and 6 minor ones. New oceanic lithosphere , or at least the oceanic crust,  is formed at constructive plate boundaries. At sea floor spreading ridges the asthenosphere wells up and cools and forms the oceanic floor on either side of the boundary. The Mid Atlantic Ridge is a classical example of this. Destruction of the oceanic lithosphere occurs in the subduction zones. The subducted plate descends into the hot mantle and is destroyed as it melts. The coast of Japan offers an example of this. It should be noted that the environment is dynamic over geological time as the process of subduction destroys the ocean floor. As new ocean floor is formed it pushes the floor on either side away and this may eventually enter a subduction zone and be destroyed. It is possible to date the ocean crust as the plates move apart and spread over the abyssal plain as  they take on the polarity of the Earth’s magnetic field. This work was described by Matthews and Vine.

Also generally speaking the older the ocean crust the further away from the spreading ridges it will be. The denser material also sinks further away from the surface of the sea . Given the age/depth relation the age of the ocean crust can also be estimated. The main “landform”  features of the ocean basins are perhaps a Mid Ocean Ridge with an abyssal plain on either side of this ridge,  constructive plate margins or destructive plate margins with a deep ocean trench at the edges of the deep sea environment with pelagic sediments covering the floor. Naturally there are many variations to this pattern but this brings us to a consideration of sedimentation.

Sediments in the Deep Sea Environment In the true deep sea environment we are really only concerned with deep sea sediments. However, there are two main types of sediment, terragenous and bioclastic and less widespread types of sediment from volcanic and hydrothermal vent activity. Sediments can also be classified as pelagic or deep sea sediments. If we look at terragenous sediments first, these are the result of erosion from continental rocks. The material eroded is deposited on the continental shelves by run off or other physical actions and advances the continental shelf seawards by deposition of sediments. Submarine fans may form e.g. the giant Ganges Fan and currents eventually move sediments off the continental shelf and into the abyssal plain. Therefore this brief discussion of terragenous sediments is useful as they do eventually enter our discussion remit. The ocean shifts the coarser material in turbidity currents and there are occasional sudden movements e.g. 1929 Grand Banks in North America turbidity event. Bioclastic sediments are the result of biological activity and include the dead remains of pelagic plants and animals that have sunk. Pelagic bioclastic sediments are also called oozes and may be composed of calcareous or silaceous materials.

Calcareous ooze is composed of chalky remains of foraminifera and pteropods, and forms the deep ocean red clays. The silaceous material is derived from shells of radiolarians and diatoms and found mainly in tropical and polar seas. The distribution of ooze reflects primary production taking place near the surface. The thickness of the sediments also reflects the age of the ocean crust with thickness increasing as we move away from mid ocean ridges for example. Volcanic ash from eruptions can also travel large distances and end by being deposited on the ocean floor, thus contributing to sediments. Finally around hydrothermal events we have unique sediments with metalliferous muds. It should also be noted that sediments on the abyssal plains are not completely static as currents, earthquakes and tectonic activity can move them. An understanding of sediments in the deep sea environment is vital when we discuss life in this region. Deep Water Conditions Deep water is isolated from the effects of wind below the Ekman spirals which only influence down to 100 meters.

However, changes at the surface can result in the movement of deep water with changes in temperature, density and salinity. Cold, dense water sinks and moves very slowly along the depths of the ocean, requiring many hundreds of years to move through an ocean basin. There is no daily or seasonal variations effectively and this creates a very stable environment.

Below 3,000 meters the area is isothermal effectively except for areas around hydrothermal vents. The regions under discussion in this essay are mainly the Bathypelagic and Abyssalpelagic Zones so here the waters are dark, limited in nutrition, cold and at great pressure. For every 10m increase in depth pressure increases by one atmosphere so we are discussing pressures of 200 to 600 atmospheres or more in our region since the average depth of the deep sea is 4,000 meters and in some cases goes to 11.000 meters in the trenches. A consideration of deep water conditions will be a vital underpinning to our section of life in the deep water environment Life in the Deep Sea Environment Despite the apparent difficulties and challenges of life in the deep sea environment organisms have managed to exploit these regions.

We shall take a look at some of the main groups of inhabitants, some of the difficulties they face and finally some of the adaptations they have evolved to cope with life in the deep sea. Firstly we should discuss briefly the presence of microorganisms in the deep sea. In fact most organisms in the deep sea are microorganisms. These microbes are able to tolerate high pressure (barotolerant) and others actually depend on high pressure (barophilic). In the Mariana Trench there are extreme barophiles.

Most of these microbes are also psychrophilic  i.e. they like cold conditions. Bacteria at these levels have specially adapted enzymes and membranes. However, much research remains to be done in this area and results can sometimes be inconclusive or at least very surprising. For example in 1996 the Japanese submersible Kaiko scooped mud from the bottom of the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench and when the many thousands of organisms were examined none of them were barophilic, halophilic or acidophilic but surprisingly alkaliphiles and even thermophiles so we should be careful in making generalization in the hadal zone. However, other samples taken around the same time did result in the successful isolation some extreme barophiles related to the genera Shewanella, Moritella and Colwellia.

However, as we shall see not only microbes live in these zones. Animals of the deep sea environment The deep sea is home to most phyla of animals but changes in abundance of different animals with increasing depth. Research in the Kurile-Kamchatka shows that sponges are dominant down to 2000 meters but we are focussed on the deeper regions. Sea cucumbers are the commonest animals found below 4000 meters and polychete worms make up a large percentage of benthic or bottom dwelling animals. Sea cucumbers and seapigs (Holothuroidea) are often the most common animal in deep dredges. Seapigs have been caught at 10,000 meters deep in the Kermadec  Tench. These feed by ploughing the deep sea mud and digest bacteria and organics. Some can swim above the ooze though. Starfish have been found down to 7,000 meters . Brittle and basket stars (Ophiuroidea) are found. Small crustaceans such as amphipods and isopods, as well as molluscs (such as clams) and sea anemones have been found at great depths. There were relatively few crabs and fish found at these depths but this may have been more to do with the sampling methods used.

On the ocean bed deposit feeders predominate with sea cucumbers and worms at the deepest levels. There are in fact many species of smaller infaunal animal here. Some estimates reckon close to a million different species of benthic invertebrates in the deep sea sediments. This shows why our above consideration of sediments is so fundamental to a discussion of the deep ocean environment. However, the number of individuals animals decreases from the surface to the deep hadal trenches. We stated that there were relatively few crabs and fish found at great depth but they are represented.

Lets us take three species as examples. Firstly a fish that is often ignored because of its more spectacular rivals the –  Rattail Fish or Grenadier fish. This is termed benthopelagic or demersal because they swim just above the bottom. This relative of cod  is in fact the most common fish found in the abyssal depths. The deepest Rattail observed lives down to 6500 meters. These belong to the family Macrouidae and have large heads and tapering bodies and feed by both hunting and scavenging.  They are being fished commercially.

Secondly we have the Hatchet fish ( Argyropelecus olfersi ) They are camouflaged with silvery bodies, a flattened body for reduced silhouette and photophores that match the downwelling light so they are difficult to see. They search the waters above with their tubular eyes. We shall consider these adaptations in the next section. Thirdly we have the Lantern fish (Ceactoscopelus warmingii), which are about 5 to 15 centimeters long, have numerous photophores and migrate daily upwards to feed.  We have space here only to discuss a few of the many species in the deep sea environment.  Other species include sea urchins, crinoids, Tripod fish, gulper eels, sponges and seapens. Some are permanent dwellers in this environment such as deep sea cucumbers and others are visitors to our region such as the large Greenland shark ( Somniosus microcephalus) down to 2,200 meters and the six gilled Hexanchus down to 2,500 meters but all have some adaptations to cope with the deep sea environment.

These and other adaptations to life in the deep sea environment will now be discussed in more detail. Deep sea challenges to animals and their adaptations Lets us select five main categories to discuss as follows: adaptations to pressure, temperature, food availability, lack of light, and reproduction. Pressure and temperature Animals adapt to pressure in a variety of ways e.g. sperm whales have lungs that can compress to 1% of their normal volume, angler fish have reduced skeletons and other fish have reduced muscle mass. Sea cucumbers have bodies largely composed of water and others have proteins and enzymes adapted to work at pressure. Sharks have oily livers instead of swim bladders to cope with extremes of pressure. It is also difficult to produce calcium carbonate shells due to pressure and temperature issues. As pressure increases and temperature decreases calcium carbonate becomes soluble making it difficult for creatures to secrete shells. The depth when no calcium carbonate present is called the carbonate compensation depth of CCD.

Today the CCD in the Pacific ranges from 4,200 meters to 4,500 meters deep and in the Atlantic 5,000 meters deep. Many species have dispensed with shell formation below the carbonate compensation depth.  In these ways we see that there are physiological and chemical adaptations to cope with increased pressure. Secondly we have a brief discussion of temperature. The deep sea is largely isothermal with very stable temperatures prevailing that need few adaptations. Hydrothermal vents are an exception to this rule and we will discuss these in more detail later in the thesis.. Food availability As far as food availability is concerned there are many adaptations animals use to cope ranging from predatory and scavenging behavior, opportunistic feeding on whale carcasses to vertical migration strategies.

Let us look at these in more detail now: Basically food availability decreases with depth as does species diversity. The supply of food to the deep sea depends on primary production in the photic zone (except for hydrothermal vent areas). However, it has been estimated that just 2% of phytoplankton sink to the bottom as they are mainly consumed above or on the way down. Since food is relatively scarce the marine organisms have a number of ways of coping.

We can loosely categorize these as 1) Energy conservation adaptations e.g. slow movements, slow metabolisms, and some fish with relatively low muscle mass compared to fish in shallower seas. 2) Related to energy conservation some fish are ambush predators e.g. deep sea Angler fish, using bioluminescent lures. 3) Dwarfism and gigantism are methods of coping with food availability e.g. tiny nematode worms at one extreme and large amphipods (up to 28cm) at the other. 4) Physiological adaptations also include distended stomachs and hinged jaws in some species to cope with the rare chances of feeding e,g, angler fish and gulper eels but even bivalves in the deep ocean have been found to have longer guts to take full advantage of food availability. 5) Related to this opportunistic feeding but perhaps in a class of its own we have the animals adapted to feed on dead whales. These are very important and provide many year’s food supply to an area of the ocean floor in one moment. 43 species have been found on one whale carcass e.g. sharks, hagfish, bone eating zombie worms, snails, limpets, clams and anaerobic bacteria. Since there are many similarities with organisms found round hydrothermal vents these carcasses may have acted as stepping stones from vent to vent. 6) Deposit feeders. Since the deep sea floor is dominated by loosely compacted biogenic ooze it is dominated by deposit feeders like the deep sea cucumber (Scotoplanes).  Deposit feeders may make up to 80% of the species on the sea floor.  Most of the sea bed is covered in soft clays or mud like oozes made of skeletons on tiny sea animals and fecal material. The ooze in the abyss can reach several hundred meters thick. Some animals walking along the bottom have very long legs to avoid stirring the mud up e.g. deep sea spider. These are not true spiders but belong to the pycnogonids. Other species grow anchored to the sea bed and have long stems to keep feeding structures clear of the ooze. 7) Vertical migration. Some fish move upwards to feed and have replaced swim bladders with fatty deposits in order to cope with the vast differences in pressure.

The Rattail fish mentioned above is a good example of this travelling up to 1,700 meters upwards in a night to feed. This is just a brief cross section of the ways in which animals cope with limited food supplies. Lack of light Lack of light perhaps creates some of the most interesting adaptations. Eyes of fish in the deep sea tend to be generally larger than their counterparts above, although below 2000 meters eyes again grow smaller or are absent. Eyes contain a higher density of rods in the retina or tubular eyes are common e.g. hatchet fish. Where eyes are useless in the total darkness other methods have developed to sense the environment. Lateral lines are well developed to sense vibrations and antennae may also be used e.g. in hairy angler fish.

Bioluminescence is another adaption with 60 to 70% of deep water animals possessing this ability. Organs called photophores, sometimes using bacteria as a light source are found in many fish e.g. lantern fish. Simple photophores either produce light or retain light producing bacteria such as Vibrio or Photobacterium in a symbiotic relationship. Since bacteria produce light continuously the host animals develop ways to control emissions e.g. reflective layers, flaps and lenses. Squid have the most spectacular abilities in this area. Bioluminescence can be used as a lure for food or for defence. Areas of photophores in the angler fish are for lures. The hatchet fish uses light for camouflage and the squids for defense as a burst of unexpected light can distract an attacker.

Since the dominant sense in the deep sea is hearing  we should discuss this in a little more detail. Many invertebrates detect sound by cilia. Fish detect by sensory hairs in the otolith organ in the inner ear. Lateral line systems also enable fish to detect sound vibrations, movements of prey and fish in schools and changes in ocean currents. Animals around the hydrothermal vent systems may rely on this to avoid the vents themselves but we will return to a discussion of vents later. When we consider vision there are also a variety of systems in use. There are relatively simple systems such as eyespots e.g. polychete worms to the spherical lens systems of fish which allow them to have light perception beyond the capabilities of man as we have mentioned above.

Next we should consider the sense of orientation in marine animals. Several species can detect the pull of gravity with organs known as statocysts. In vertebrates the semicircular canal in the ear performs this function. Next we come to chemoreception covering the senses of taste and smell. The sense of smell (olfaction) is extremely well developed in sharks. and these do venture down into the regions we are discussing. Electroreception is another sense used by sharks and some other predatory fish who posses electrosensory organs. In sharks these are known as ampulla of Lorenzini.

Finally there is the sense of magnetoreception and magnetite crystals have been found in fish that may enable them to navigate over long distances. Much research remains to be done in this area it seems, particularly in relation to deep sea species. Reproduction Finally we have adaptations in reproduction in the deep sea with eggs with large yolks to combat lack of food, long lived species with slow sexual maturity may also help in this area. The relative difficulty of finding isolated mates may also have led to high degrees of hermaphroditic behavior. For example tripod fish have both male and female sex organs. The tripod is unusual in that male and female organs may reach maturity at the same time thus allowing the fish to fertilize its own eggs. Perhaps it is so sparsely distributed that one fish may not find a mate at the right time. The famous adaptation of the tiny parasitic male in angler fish is another adaptation to this isolation. The tiny male clamps onto the female and is even partially absorbed by her thus ensuring a source of fertilization at the right time.  Deep sea species tend to be slow growing, late maturing and low in reproductive capacity. Many deep water fish species live 30 years or more and the orange roughy can live up to 150 years. These are just some of the adaptations to the deep sea. If we look in more details at certain unique communities in the deep sea environment we can observe other adaptations A Note on Hydrothermal Vents and Hydrocarbon Seeps Hydrothermal vents systems are one such unique community. These have been of interest really since the Alvin discoveries in 1977 in the Galapagos Rift Zone.

Hydrothermal vent systems develop at depths of several kilometers in the oceans in mid ocean spreading centers where there is hot upwelling lava. Sea water percolates and is vented back at hot temperatures, full of minerals, as either warm seeps, black or white “smokers”. White smokers are only slightly cooler than black smokers and because they are rich in zinc have a white tinge. Animals here must have a unique set of adaptations. Since they are far from the photic zone the inhabitants rely on bacteria such as Beggiatoa  to produce food from chemosynthesis of caustic compounds such as hydrogen sulphide. These bacteria sometimes form mats near the vents and are in turn grazed upon by limpets and gastropod molluscs. Other communities of bacteria live in symbiosis with the giant tube worms ( Riftia pachyptila) for example. Riftia can grow up to 1.5. meters long and have unique adaptations to the deep sea environment in that they can carry both oxygen and hydrogen sulphide in their blood to supply the bacteria. The clams (Calyptogena magnifica ) near the vent systems have similar techniques.

So far scientists have discovered over 236 species around the vent systems. 223 of these were new to science and many of them endemic to vent systems. More vent systems have now been explored e.g. Hole to Hell and Hanging Gardens on the East Pacific Rise, the Snake Pit on the Mid Atlantic Ridge and the Rose Garden in the Galapagos Rift Zone. How these species developed and spread from system to system is a matter of interest and one theory suggests they may use whale carcasses as stepping stones.

There are also many theories about how life may have originated around these vents and in fact these areas may even have been where photosynthesis first developed as there is a faint haze around these vents.  There are animals here with extreme UV sensitivity such as huge shrimp with massive numbers of photoreceptors in their eyes.The vent systems are highly dynamic and unstable environments but they do support uniquely adapted communities of marine life which are an important part of the discussion the deep sea environment In addition to this perhaps we should also consider another unique deep sea environment namely Hydrocarbon seeps. These fall within our study as some of these steeps are more than 2000 meters down.

Marine hydrocarbon seeps are cold (as distinguished from hydrothermal vent activity ) and have two major sources, biogenic (bacterial production of gases) and petrogenic i.e. relates to subsurface petroleum reservoirs that leak to the surface. Some seep gasses arise from CH4 hydrate dissociation, a water ice that is stable at great depths and low temperatures.  Hydrocarbon seepage produces asphalt volcanism, brine pools, gas hydrates and authigenic carbonates. Hydrocarbon seepages are a feature in the Gulf of Mexico and we know from research done at the Chapopote site what minerals are involved. According to one study by the University of Texas communities of chemosynthetic fauna that depend on seeping oil and gas have been found at over 45 sites in the Gulf of Mexico so far down to the 2200 meters below sea level.

The dominant fauna consist of species within four groups: tube worms, seep mussels, epibenthic clams, and infaunal clams. The development of these communities is closely linked to the geological and geochemical processes of seepage. Temperatures varied between 5 and 9 degrees Celsius. The full consequences and importance of both hydrothermal vents and hydrocarbon seepages has perhaps not yet been sufficiently realized or fully researched but these are fascinating and vital parts of the deep sea environment. Conclusion We have briefly discussed the geology, sedimentation, water mass and life forms and their adaptations in the deep sea environment. Until relatively recently the relevance of this environment to man was little studied and perhaps not regarded as particularly relevant for the future of man on Earth. In this summary we should touch upon seven key areas we have selected that link the deep sea environment with man’s future.

The first topic regards biodiversity. Of the estimated 500,000 to 10 million species living in the deep sea, the majority are yet to be discovered. There could be no clearer illustration of the value of the world’s deep sea environments. Approximately 98% of the world’s species live in or just above the floor of the sea. ( This includes some areas strictly outside our remit ). Many of these species are related to seamounts for example. However, the unique environments harbor a breathtaking array of species with high rates of endemism. Each unsampled trench, vent and seep is a potential source of numerous undiscovered species. In addition two thirds of all known coral species live in waters that are deep, dark and cold, down to over 3000 meters deep, which belongs to our area under discussion. Some of these cold water corals are 5-8,000 years old or more and over 35 meters high. These and other habitat forming organisms provide protection from currents and predators, nurseries for young fish, and feeding, breeding and spawning areas for hundreds of thousands of species and therefore are a critical feature of the Earths biodiversity.

Secondly we should consider the feeding of the world’s ever expanding population. Commercially important deep water fish and crustacean populations found in the high seas include crabs, shrimp, cod, Pacific cod, orange roughy, armorhead, grenadier, Patagonian toothfish (also known as Chilean sea bass) , jacks, snappers, porgies, sharks, groupers, rockfish, Atka mackerel and sablefish.

Thirdly, we have the medical uses and implications of the deep sea environment. For example Gorgonian corals produce antibiotics. Compounds found in certain deep sea sponges are powerful immunouppressive and anti-cancer agents. In addition some corals contain the pain killing compounds known as pseudopterosians. Seafans contain high concentrations of posaglandins used to treat asthma and heart disease.

Our fourth point concerns energy and mineral resources. The deep sea environment harbors unexplored deposits of oil, gas, and many minerals. Seismic surveys have so far only detected a fraction of available reserves. A resource hungry world will need to exploit these reserves at some point in its future and the more we know about the deep sea environment the better we can use these reserves and hopefully lessen the impact.

Fifthly, we need to consider the relationship of the deep sea environment to our immediate environment. At first it appears there is little direct connection between the abyssal depths and our own world. However, according to one study at the University of Indiana deep sea hydrothermal vents may play an important part in regulating the temperature and chemical balance of the oceans. Before the discovery of hydrothermal vents scientists believed that the chemical balance of the oceans was determined primarily by run off from the continents. Now hydrothermal vent ( and hydrocarbon seep) influence is seen as important . In fact the university describes the hydrothermal circulation systems with wide ranging effects. Effects of pollution and  deep sea circulation systems are vital to an understanding of the Earth’s environment.

Sixthly, we  need to consider the purely scientific importance of the deep sea environments. It is a treasure house of untapped discovery and resource. For example ancient deep sea corals provide valuable records of climate conditions that may assist our understanding of global climate change. Studies of this environment are making contributions to almost every branch of science from climatology to the search for the origins of life itself and in fact the deep sea is often seen as an extreme environment comparable to conditions prevailing on other planets. Finally we will always be aware of the commercial attractions of the deep. These commercial considerations range from the exploitation of hydrocarbon reserves, mineral reserves, deep sea fishing to  the deep sea communities, particularly of corals and sponges which are untapped sources of natural products with enormous potential as pharmaceuticals (mentioned above) enzymes, pesticides and cosmetics. By harvesting the deep sea environment responsibly we can contribute to a more balanced and prosperous world but by overexploiting we can cause global chaos. For all these reasons an understanding of the deep sea environment is pivotal to mankind’s future.

Dr Simon Harding

www.biblon.com

Sources Deep Sea Conservation Coalition

Indiana University studies on hydrothermal circulation Texas University studies on hydrocarbon seeps

Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute

New Scientist

About the Author

photoshop help urgent?

Hi,

Well, it really depends on how You want to highlight them.
For starters, You should select the areas You want to highlight with the pen tool, set the feather ratio to 1.
Once You have the shoulders and elbows on a different layer, You should link the layers.
Then You can either add a transparent color overlay or simple add a glow to them by messing around in the layer style.

You can highlight it it all sorts of ways really, as an example:

http://i.imgur.com/DiYTR.png